Ecosystems · Marine, South America

Galápagos And The Eastern Tropical Pacific

Remote volcanic islands where animals have little fear of people.

The Galápagos Islands lie about a thousand kilometres off Ecuador, where several ocean currents meet. Their isolated wildlife inspired Charles Darwin's thinking about evolution.

Animals here evolved with few predators, and many show little fear of people.

The Landscape

Young volcanic islands range from dry lowlands with cacti to misty highlands, ringed by cool, rich water. The mix of warm and cold currents supports life from penguins to tropical fish.

Who Lives Here

Giant Tortoises, Marine Iguanas, the only sea-going lizard, Blue-footed Boobies, Galápagos Penguins and Galápagos Sea Lions are the stars. Darwin's finches show how species can diversify, and hammerhead sharks gather around remote islands in the wider region.

Through The Year

The warm wet season is roughly December to May, and the cooler, drier season from about June to November brings cooler water and many seabirds. El Niño years can disrupt food supplies.

Pressures And Care

Invasive species such as rats, goats and invasive plants, growing tourism, illegal fishing and climate events such as El Niño are the main pressures. Strict biosecurity and park rules help protect the islands.

Visiting Well

Visits are regulated, with park fees and licensed guides required. Stay on marked trails, keep two metres from animals, and take nothing from the islands.

Look for

Galápagos Giant Tortoise
Marine Iguana
Blue-footed Booby
Galápagos Penguin
Darwin's Finches

Often a good time to visit: January, February, March, June, September. Conditions vary from year to year and place to place.

Related habitats

Coastal